financial risk是FRM一级考试公式，现在距离11月FRM一级考试还有一段时间，但是考生还是需要从现在起就备考。今天小编介绍一下financial risk的相关内容！
How do firms manage financial risk
1.Advantages and Disadvantages Hedging》》》戳：免费领取FRM各科视频讲义+历年真题+21年原版书（PDF版）
2.The Role of the Board of Directors (risk management goal)
a. Management and the board need to set and communicate the firm’s risk appetite.
b. The board may wish to implement definitive and quantitative risk limits within which
management is allowed to transact at its own discretion.
3.The Process of Mapping Risk (next step)
a. Mapping risks could be performed for market risk, credit risk, business risk, and operational risk
b. Hedging Operational (income statement activities) and Financial Risks (balance sheet) Risk 4.Management Instruments:
devised internally & Exchange-traded versus over-the-counter (OTC) instruments
企业如何管理财务风险
1.套期保值的优缺点
2.董事会的作用（风险管理目标）
A.管理层和董事会需要设定和沟通公司的风险偏好。
B董事会可能希望实施明确和定量的风险限额管理层可以自行决定交易。
3.绘制风险图的过程（下一步）
A.可以针对市场风险、信用风险、业务风险和操作风险
B对冲操作（损益表活动）和财务风险（资产负债表）
4.风险管理工具：【资料下载】[融跃财经]FRM一级ya题-pdf版
设计内部交易与场外交易（OTC）工具
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