在备考FRM考试中，对于考生来说FRM公式是非常重要的，考生不仅要掌握住还需要会熟练运用！下面是小编列举的，希望对你有所帮助！
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Interest rate risk', results from fluctuations in interest rate levels (measured using duration). Case study:the savings and loan (S&L) crisis in the 1980s. Liquidity risk', potential for loss that results from short-term funding issues. Case studies: Lehman Brothers, Continental Illinois, and Northern Rock. Hedging strategies', a firm must choose between a static hedge and a dynamic (rolling) hedge. Case study on dynamic hedge challenges: Metallgesellschaft Refining and Marketing (MGRM).
Model risk', can include making improper：
assumptions, measuring relationships the wrong way, and deploying the wrong model overall. Case studies: the Niederhoffer case and Long-Term Capital Management (LTCM). 【资料下载】点击下载融跃教育FRM考试公式表
Rogue trader, misleading reporting can cause the collapse of an entire organization. Case study:
Barings Bank (Nick Leeson). Financial engineering, involves the use of forwards, futures, swaps, options, and securitized products to hedge risk. Case studies on understanding the risks of these hedging tools: Bankers Trust, Orange County, and Sachsen Landesbank.
Reputational risk', the way in which the general public perceives the firm. Case study: Volkswagen.
Corporate governance', system of policies and procedures that direct how a firm is operated. Case study: Enron. Cyber risk: risk of financial or reputational loss due to cyberattack on internal technology infrastructure. Case study: the SWIFT system.
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